Experimental methods

• concepts of measures and uncertainty
• collection, representation and statistical treatment of data
• reporting experimental activity

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1. General introduction
   (Concept of measures, Concept of uncertainty (error) of a measure, Source of errors, Random errors and systematic errors, How to report the uncertainty)

2. Propagation of errors
   (Basic rules for propagation of errors, General rule for propagation of errors for a function with more variables)

3. Basics elements of probability theory (definition of probability, axioms of probability, random variables, expected value)

4. Statistical treatment of random errors (Building a dataset, Average, standard deviation and standard error in a dataset, Representing a dataset with histograms, Concept of limiting distribution)

5. Gaussian distribution
   (Definition, study of function and normalization, Average and standard deviation, Principle of maximum likelihood, Formal justification of previous issues, Covariance)

6. How to use the information on uncertainty (Comparison between two measures or with expected values. Quantitative evaluation of their consistency or significant discrepancy, Chauvenet criterion, weighted average)

7. Linear relation between two variables (Linear correlation coefficient r, Least-squares fitting)

8. Other limiting distributions
   (Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution)

9. Chi-squared test
   (Quantitative verification of accordance between expected and observed distribution)

Students will be able to:

• report a measure together with uncertainty properly evaluated by analysis of error sources and error propagation

• represent a measured dataset and statistically analyze it to give best experimental answer and uncertainty.

• statistically investigate linear relation between two variables and find the best fit

• formalize hypothesis as expected data distribution and verify the accordance of the data with the hypothesis

• report experiment activity and results

• John R. Taylor, An introduction to error analysis, University Science Books, 2nd edition, 1997. Catalogue E-version

• written tests, writen exam
• experimental report
• oral exam

Dr. Mattia Fanetti je izredni profesor za področje fizike na Univerzi v Novi Gorici. Mattia Fanetti is an associate professor of physics at the University of Nova Gorica.

1. FANETTI, Mattia, MIKULSKA, Iuliia, FERFOLJA, Katja, MORAS, Paolo, SHEVERDYAEVA, P. M., PANIGHEL, M., LODI-RIZZINI, A., PÍŠ, I., NAPPINI, S., VALANT,
   Matjaž, GARDONIO, Sandra. Growth, morphology and stability of Au in contact with the Bi2Se3(0001)Bi2Se3(0001)surface. Applied Surface Science, ISSN 0169-4332. [Print ed.], Mar. 2019, vol. 471, str. 753-758, ilustr., doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.140. [COBISS.SI-ID 5276923]

2. FERFOLJA, Katja, VALANT, Matjaž, MIKULSKA, Iuliia, GARDONIO, Sandra, FANETTI,
   Mattia. Chemical instability of an interface between silver and Bi2Se3Bi2Se3 topological insulator at room temperature. The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces, ISSN 1932-7447, 2018, vol. 122, no. 18, str. 9980-9984, ilustr., doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01543.
   [COBISS.SI-ID 5205243]

3. BHATI, Vijendra Singh, FANETTI, Mattia, VALANT, Matjaž, et al. Efficient hydrogen sensor based on Ni-doped ZnO nanostructures by RF sputtering. Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical, ISSN 0925-4005. [Print ed.], 2018, vol. 255, part. 1, str. 588-597, ilustr., doi:
   10.1016/j.snb.2017.08.106. [COBISS.SI-ID 4951803]

4. VALANT, Matjaž, LUIN, Uroš, FANETTI, Mattia, MAVRIČ, Andraž, VYSHNIAKOVA,
   Kateryna, SIKETIĆ, Zdravko, KALIN, Mitjan. Fully transparent nanocomposite coating with an amorphous alumina matrix and exceptional wear and scratch resistance. Advanced functional materials, ISSN 1616-301X, 2016, vol. 26, no. 24, str. 4362-4369, ilustr., doi:
   10.1002/adfm.201600213. [COBISS.SI-ID 4427003]

5. EMIN, Saim, ABDI, Fatwa F. Abdi, FANETTI, Mattia, PENG, Wei, SMITH, W., SIVULA, K.,
   DAM, Bernard, VALANT, Matjaž. A novel approach for the preparation of textured CuO thin films from electrodeposited CuCl and CuBr. Journal of electroanalytical chemistry, ISSN 1572- 6657, 2014, vol. 717-718, str. 243-249, doi: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.01.038. [COBISS.SI-ID
   3243515]