Galaxies and cosmology

• understanding of basic concepts in galaxy evolution and classification, galaxy clusters and AGN physics
• introduction to basics concepts and open questions in cosmology.

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1. Our Galaxy: morphology, components, structure, rotation and dynamics, mass and dark matter, interstellar medium, stellar populations, Galactic centre.

2. Normal galaxies: the Hubble classification, basic properties, distance ladder, mass determination, dark matter, modern surveys, the galaxy luminosity function, formation and evolution, effects of environment, Lyman alpha forest, star formation rate.

3. Active galaxies: energetics, evidence for a black hole, types, unified models.

4. Spatial distribution of galaxies: The Local Group, clusters of galaxies, mass determination,
   dark matter, large-scale structure.

5. Cosmology: history, observational evidence for the Big Bang, introduction to the Big Bang, primordial nucleosynthesis and CMB emission.

6. Cosmological principle, Hubble's law, cosmological redshift, Friedman's equation, cosmological models.

7. Measurements of cosmological parameters, accelerated expansion of the Universe, open problems in cosmology.

Students will learn:

• main components and dynamics of our galaxy; of galaxy cluster environments and AGN physics
• details of evolution and classification of galaxies;
• basic of the cosmological model.

• Peter Schneider, "Extragalactic Astronomy And Cosmology, An Introduction", Springer, 2006 Catalogue E-version
• Ryden, Introduction to Cosmology, Addison-Wesley, 2002 E-version E-version Katalog

• home works and/or presentation
• oral exam

Doc. dr. Gabrijela Zaharijas is an assistant professor at the University of Nova Gorica. Dr. Gabrijela Zaharijas je docentka za področje fizike na Univerzi v Novi Gorici.

She works within two big experimental collaborations: the Fermi LAT (a NASA/European gamma ray satellite in its seventh year of mission) and the CTA (which is a worldwide experimental collaboration set to build a full kilometer square array of ground based gamma ray telescopes). Dr. Zaharijas developed her career at several institutes, both in the US (New York University and Argonne National Lab, Chicago) and Europe (Stockholm University, Centre for Atomic Energy in Paris and International Centre of Physics in Trieste) before joining the astroparticle group of the University of Nova Gorica.

Izbrane objave /selected recent publications (for the full list see http://inspirehep.net/search? ln=en&p=a+zaharijas&of=hb&action_search=Search&sf=earliestdate&so=d):

1. Ajello et al. (with G. Zaharijas), "The Origin of the Extragalactic Gamma-Ray Background and Implications for Dark-Matter Annihilation", Astrophysical Journal Letters, 27, 800 (2015).
2. Petrovic et al. (with G. Zaharijas), "Millisecond pulsars and the Galactic Center gamma-ray excess: the importance of luminosity function and secondary emission", JCAP 1502 (2015) 02, 023.

3. Fermi-LAT collaboration (with G. Zaharijas), "The Spectrum and Morphology of the Fermi Bubbles", Astrophysical Journal (2014).

4. Petrovic et al. (with G. Zaharijas), "Galactic Center gamma-ray "excess" from an active past of the Galactic Centre? ", JCAP 1410 (2014) 10, 052.

5. Cirelli et al. (with G. Zaharijas), "Bremsstrahlung gamma rays from light Dark Matter", JCAP 1311 (2013) 035.