Accounting and Bookkeeping

The basic objective of this course is introduction into the use of the accounting information from Viticultural Farm. Course ofeers clear explanations of concepts and practical solutions obout viticoltural and cellar evidences, which proceed from legal claims is of crucial importance Knowledge of the main principles of accounting and bookkeeping can be used as a foundation for measuring, reporting and interpretating financial performances and cash flows of viticulture farm. These help student to understand the nessesarility of keeping the records of and veryfiying events with the economic consequences. The course is designed in such a way, that students find the accounting principles and cellar evidences as principal base for their decision making processes. Accentuated practical employability of acquisited knowledge is strenghthened by solving many case studies and collective discussion.

Knowledge of mathematics.

1 Introduction

• The aim and purpose of the study
• Information and suggestions for study
• Presentation of teaching aids and methods of work
• Presentations obligations of students
• Guidelines for effective studying

2 Why keep accounting or. the farm accountancy
• The unfavorable income situation of Slovenian farms demands to analyze the causes and take action
• collected and aggregately processed accounting data are indispensable in analyzing
• Based on the analysis of the data is easier to argue economic policy measures
• Due to inclusion in the EU is a need for comparability (the very definition of farms and indicators of economic performance)
• Slovenia has taken the methodology FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network), which is enforced in all countries of the European Union

3 Different aspects of accounting and record keeping vineyard farm

• The role and importance of accounting evidences and vineyard farm
• Characteristics of accounting at the farm: simplicity, transparency and usability
• Characteristics of keeping evidences/evidences on the farm: consistent legislation and usefulness
• Costs and benefits of management accounting and evidences/evidences on the farm
• Why is it even necessary knowledge of accounting and evidences?
• The financial data help to achieve planned goals of farming
• Evidences enable to control (professional) work in the vineyard and in the cellar
• Who are the users of accounting information from wine farms
• Professional and normative frameworks for management accounting and other evidences

1. Slovenian Accounting Standards (SAS)
   • The content, purpose, and other characteristics of accounting standards
   • How are composed Slovenian Accounting Standards
   • Creation and development of the first generation of Slovenian Accounting Standards
   • Entry and features the second generation of Slovenian Accounting Standards
   • The main features of International Accounting Standards (IAS)
   • Comparison between SAS and IAS
   • Analysis of the applicability of Slovenian accounting standards for agriculture
   • The relationship between accounting and bookkeeping

5 Follow-income situation on farms in Slovenia
• Professionally farming requires a detailed record of the data and calculation of results
• Using microeconomic data from farms at the aggregate level
• Transmission of data and statistical advisory institutions
• Even on farms is necessary to establish performance
• Accounting on the farm is not just a book of incoming and outgoing invoices
• An analysis of the income situation of Slovenian farms
• The need to establish accounting and. management of the farm accountancy
• Prejudices farmers about the difficulty of keeping a simple or double-entry accounting
• Failed Project of analytical bookkeeping
• Options for using a methodology FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network)

6 A more detailed insight into the characteristics of the methodology FADN

• The basic tasks of FADN methodology
• Type (s) of collection, data format and processing is regulated differently by country to country
• Data model and content of the results is uniquely defined and carefully prescribed
• Criteria for selection of farms in the sample
• FADN methodology enables the State to "view" the work of farmers
• Using microeconomic data for analysis needed for the design of agricultural policy,
• Integration Options FADN data (national) statistics
• Options for FADN data comparisons between countries
• Establishing a (microeconomic) database (for example.) about organic farming
• FADN methodology allows farmers to monitor and analyze the performance of their work
• Normative requirements (countries) to establish a frame agricultural-accountancy data

7 Comparison of (economic) indicators according to FADN with Slovenian Accounting Standards
• Larger, professional farms are interested in monitoring the economic situation
• The economic size of farms
• Determination of operating results
• Economic indicators FADN: total revenue, cost, total variable cost, intermediate consumption, depreciation, gross and net value added, income farm families, assets change in value of equity, gross and net investment, cash flow
• Application studied indicators for use on wine estate

8 The usefulness of determining the economic situation in the wine-growing farms in terms of farmer
• The logic of the financial analysis of business on the farm
• The impact of business events on the farm property
• Balance sheet as the financial position of companies in a given moment
• Using data on the financial situation of the farm
• Classification (economic categories) funds
• Classification (economic categories) liabilities
• Basic characteristics of the valuation of assets on the farm
• Clarifying respectively. understanding of the (economic) indicators
• Income (revenue and expenditure) and loss (gain)
• Reciprocal links between the scope of activities, cost and profit, etc..
• Using the data collected for cooperation with financial institutions
9 regulatory framework in the field of management of the wine making evidences
• Law on wine and other grape and wine
• Rules on integrated production of grapes and wine.
• Rules on the manner of keeping evidences of production and transport of wine and other grape and wine.
• Rules on the Register of grapes and wine and vineyard cadastre
• Rules on the quality control of grapes during the harvest
• Rules for the Recognition of specific agricultural products and foodstuffs
• Rules on the responsibilities of users of plant protection products

10 Basic vineyard and winemaking evidences
• The evidences of the producer of grapes, grape musts and wines
• Evidences concerning the processing of land (in accordance with the requirements of the Rules of integrated production)
• Evidence of the use of plant protection products
• Evidences of determining sugar content before harvest by authorized institutions
• Evidences of allowable dosladkanju grape must or. mash
• Evidences of the quantities produced by the fermentation of wine by variety
• Evidences of care, quality wines and movements wine before bottling, and the means used oenological
• Evidences of sales of wine nevstekleničenega
• Evidences of the sale of wine in bottles
• Evidences of stocks of wine

11 Evidences to be kept by the administrative authorities or. administrative units
• Vineyard evidences
• register of grape and wine producers and other grape and wine
• Registration of vintage
• Registration of wine stocks

13 A more detailed insight into the cellar evidences and in wine marketing

• Normative requirements for the management of cellar evidences (Article 35 VDP)
• cellar evidences of production, processing and transport of grapes, musts and wines
• Data on the geographical origin
• Information on the quality and quantity of must and wine by the individual wineries
• Information on wine, which is intended for self-consumption
• Information about our customers or. the sale of wine
• The ability to use computers in record keeping vineyard farm

TUTORIALS

• Understand the basic concepts of accounting and finances from the perspective of SRS
• Understanding, analyzing and clarifying information from the farm accountancy
• Knowledge of the regulatory framework for managing the wine making evidences
• Cost Analysis farms with various aspects in the context of decision making
• Methods of keeping the wine making evidences using a computer
• Examples of financial planning (liquidity) on the farm
• Examples of making decisions on the farm
• Examples management of stocks of wine
• Resolving dilemmas concerning the financing of investments on the farm

The curriculum is designed to train students for practical and independent accounting and bookkeping and wine farms. Based on the mission of accounting student first learns the basics of SAS (Slovenian Accounting Standards) and their relationship with the IAS (International Accounting Standards). This is followed by an insight into the problem of monitoring the income situation on farms in Slovenia and learn about the farm accountancy according to the methodology FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network), established in EU countries. Then students enabled to compare FADN methodology with the SRS and in parallel with this wins even the principles of determining the economic situation on the farm. In this way he/she drives closer to the logic of the financial analysis of business on the farm and learn to use information about the financial situation. He also understands the (economic) indicators on reciprocal connections between the scope of activities, cost and profit. He/she is acquainted with the regulatory requirements regarding the management of vineyard and cellar evidences. Practical application of acquired knowledge is consolidated in exercises with solving a number of illustrative examples and the group exposed to treatment dilemmas.
They learn how to use accounting software for record keeping on the farm winemaker.

• Slovenski računovodski standardi. Zveza računovodij finančnikov in revizorjev Slovenije, Ljubljana, 2001. E-version
• Zakon o vinu in drugih proizvodih iz grozdja in vina RS.
• Zakon o kmetijstvu RS. E-version
• Pravilnik o označevanju vina, mošta in drugih proizvodov iz grozdja in vina in o njihovi embalaži RS. E-version
• Pravilnik o registru pridelovalcev grozdja in vina in katastru vinogradov RS. E-version
• Pravilnik o načinu vodenja evidence o proizvodnji oziroma prometu vina in drugih proizvodov iz grozdja in vina RS.
• Pravilnik o kontroli kakovosti grozdja v času trgatve RS. E-version
• Pravilnik za priznavanje označb posebnih kmetijskih pridelkov oziroma živil (Ur. l RS št. 13/02); Ta pravilnik vsebinsko povzema uredbi št. 2081/92 EGS in 2082/92 EGS.
• Pravilnik o dolžnostih uporabnikov fitofarmacevtskih sredstev RS.
• Peter Atrill, Eddie McLaney: Accounting and Finance for Non-specialist. 3rd Edition. Harlow (Essex) : Pearson Education Limited / Prentice - Hall Europe, 2001. 406 str. E-version
• Hočevar, M.; Igličar, A.; Zaman, M. 2000. Osnove računovodstva. Ekonomska fakulteta, Ljubljana – izbrana poglavja. Catalogue
• Colman, D.; Young, T. 1989. Principles of Agricultural Economics. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. E-version
• Erjavec, E. in sod.: Slovensko kmetijstvo in evropske integracije. Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za zootehniko (študija , Ljubljana, 1996.
• Uredba EGS (Council regulation) 79/65/CEE ”Metodologija za popolno primerljivost kazalnikov gospodarske uspešnosti na ravni kmetije in ananliziranje podatkov na nacionalni in meddržavni ravni”.
• Uredba EGS (Council regulation) 118/66/CEE ”Podatkovni model za zapis vseh potrebnih podatkov”.
• Uredba EGS (Council regulation) 2237/77/CEE ”Temeljni dokument o knjigovodstvu v kmetijstvu”.
• Kavčič S. 1996. Farm management, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za zootehniko (skripta), Ljubljana.
• Kay, R.D. 1986. Farm Management. 2.izdaja, New York, McGraw-Hill. E-version
• Reprints of material used in exercises and lectures.
• Current articles in the field of accounting and finance.

Tutorials (presence and active participation) (25 %) Written assignment and its oral presentation (25 %) Exam (50 %)

Dr. Boris Gojković is a lecturer in accounting and business finance at the University of Nova Gorica.
Areas of business: accounting, tax, business analysis, consulting, business planning, banking and corporate finance